• Akt mTOR signaling pathway is a major negative regulator of

  2022-06-29

  

  Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is a major negative regulator of autophagy, via modulating ULK1 complex. It is well established that Inhibition of mTOR by deprivation of nutrients or growth factors, led to dephosphorylation of ULK1, ULK2, and Atg13 in human cells, which is a key step for ULK1 complex ass

• br Conclusion Discovery of an

  2022-06-29

  

  Conclusion Discovery of an ideal orally active antithrombotic drug has remained elusive till date. Research efforts in this direction led to the discovery of numerous coagulation enzyme inhibitors including various thrombin and FXa inhibitors. Several preclinical studies have highlighted the impo

• br Anandamide signaling and cardiovascular function The card

  2022-06-29

  

  Anandamide signaling and cardiovascular function The cardiovascular effects of cannabinoid compounds have been known for a long time. Studies in humans indicate that chronic use of marijuana causes long lasting decrease in blood pressure and heart rate, whereas the acute use increases heart rate

• Dysregulation of the HPA axis resulting in alteration to bot

  2022-06-28

  

  Dysregulation of the HPA axis, resulting in alteration to both baseline and stress-induced glucocorticoid levels (e.g., cortisol and corticosterone), has been implicated in several diseases and psychopathologies, including anxiety (McEwen et al., 2015, 2016; Shin and Liberzon, 2010). For example, ba

• Histone demethylases are involved in

  2022-06-28

  

  Histone demethylases are involved in the transcriptional output of the AR and hypoxia signaling pathways, and thus contribute to prostate cancer development [12]. For example, the histone demethylase KDM3A serves as a transcriptional coactivator of HIF1α and AR in regulation of their target genes [1

• More recently the JmjC domain

  2022-06-28

  

  More recently, the JmjC domain histone H3K36 di-demethylase KDM2B/FBXL10 has also been shown to play an important role in definitive hematopoiesis [17]. Kdm2b is highly expressed in the HE, and its deletion (Tie2) caused embryonic lethality due to a precipitous drop in the number of hemogenic endoth

• Newly identified evidence has put immune

  2022-06-28

  

  Newly identified evidence has put immune checkpoint inhibitors into the spotlight. However, even though they have been reported to achieve optimistic outcomes [67], there is still a provocative question about their limitations [68]. The solid evidence above has provided us with translational values

• Long non coding RNAs lncRNAs are a

  2022-06-28

  

  Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA transcripts which are over 200 nucleotides in length and not translated into proteins (Ponting et al., 2009). Recent studies showed that lncRNAs have been identified as crucial regulators of gene expression, chromatin remodeling, and cell cycle (Wahl

• Furthermore the absolute lack of E allele expression

  2022-06-28

  

  Furthermore, the absolute lack of E2 allele expression in both chronic and SVR cases, supports the protective role of the E2 allele against HCV infection at a time of exposure. However this hypothesis could not be entirely proved by this study due to lack of healthy individuals participation. Simila

• In first wave first generation drugs telaprevir and boceprev

  2022-06-28

  

  In 2013, first-wave, first-generation drugs telaprevir and boceprevir was the first protease inhibitors (PIs) incorporated in Brazilian Clinical Guidelines for the treatment of patients infected with HCV Genistein 1. Based on this 2013 Clinical Guideline, telaprevir could be used for both naïve and

• In mammals meiotic maturation is the process that couples

  2022-06-28

  

  In mammals, meiotic maturation is the process that couples completion of MI with the acquisition of developmental competence to support fertilization (Figure 1). In females there are several hallmark maturation events that are linked to the cell cycle. First, meiosis is not continuous, it is initiat

• br The serine threonine kinase

  2022-06-28

  

  The serine/threonine kinase haspin (ploid Germ Cell-pecific Nuclear rote Kinase, also known as erm Cell-pecific ene-2; Gsg2) functions in mitosis, where it phosphorylates histone H3 at Thr-3 (H3T3ph). During mitosis, this phosphorylation generates a binding site on H3 for Survivin and thereby posi

• br Membrane Fusion Requires Rab GTPases Tethers and

  2022-06-28

  

  Membrane Fusion Requires Rab-GTPases, Tethers, and SNAREs Regulation and Function of Rab5 Following endocytosis in metazoan cells, the Rab5-specific GEF Rabex5 binds to ubiquitinated cargo proteins, such as cell surface receptors or metabolite transporters, and subsequently activates Rab5 on e

• br Rho family GTPases are

  2022-06-28

  

  Rho-family GTPases are molecular switches; most which cycle from an ‘on’ GTP bound state to an ‘off’ GDP bound state, driven by GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) and GAPs (GTPase-activating proteins) respectively. Association with lipid membranes through a lipid (farnesyl or geranylgerany

• The role of the cyclic AMP regulated

  2022-06-28

  

  The role of the cyclic AMP regulated exchange factor Epac1 is emerging in cancer (Almahariq et al., 2015, Banerjee and Cheng, 2015, Parnell et al., 2015, Parnell et al., 2015, Schmidt et al., 2013). Interestingly, in cancer cell migration, activation of Epac1 can be linked to activation of Rac. As s

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